Dressler Syndrome, also called postcardiac injury syndrome (PCIS), postpericardiotomy syndrome, or postmyocardial syndrome, is an autoimmune pericarditis that usually occurs as a late (weeks to months) complication of an acute myocardial infarction (MI). It can happen in other settings, like after cardiac surgery or pulmonary embolism (PE).

Signs and symptoms include malaise, pleuritic chest pain, pericardial friction rub, fever, leukocytosis, pleural effusion, and pulmonary infiltrates. The pathogenesis is believed to be related to immunologic factors, where myocardial injury stimulates an antigen-antibody reaction, forming complexes that are deposited into tissues and elicit an inflammatory response.

It is mainly a clinical diagnosis based on the manifestations mentioned above. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate is often high as well.

Treatment is with NSAIDs (corticosteroids in refractory cases) and recurrence may occur.